Heater.



E. W. DUNN.

HEATER.

APPLICAIION FILED SEPT. 9. m2.

1,144,699. Patented June 29, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I. )5 7) fl ,4? 9% j E. W. DUNN.

HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9. 1912.

1,144,699., Patented June 29, 1915.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

1 L fr 2"" sicgulcntzlon 511cc. slept-cranes 8, legs.

To @235 whom la: may. concern Be it known the; l, EMANUEL W. DUNN, citizen or the Jailed Ststcs, resioling at she county of Fronllrnncrsco, i cisco, oi ll suliornia, in -"entecl new anal usciul inuprorsments in. Electors, of whiflll the folloyrin is a specification.

This invention rotates to open air butters purgiculsrl sclsptctl for heating it locality or zone to prevent damage of fruit and the by Erect anal fireeslng; although the invention is cspslolc of other uses without msscriul change. Anal, more, particularly, this invention relates to c Mater of the class clescribed; containing its own fuel reservoir for liohling: a suficient supply of liquicl fuel for suitable period of operation.

It is ono of the prime objects of my present invention to supply, in such a center as set forth, a simple and efiicient air coo which is capnlolc of supplying the liquifi fuel with 1 .11 the; air necessary for complete anal thorough combustion at any desired rate, and in such manner as to cause the complete combustion of all of the fuel. By efliciently supplying air for combustion l provicle that there shall be no liquid; niatczr left unconsumerl, either exterior to or interior of the heater. It has hcen shown to be of .g'reut advantage to provile for perfool; and sufilcientcoznbustion in order to prevent the deposition of oily soot and similar solid carbon and oil particles on the fruit which is belo promoted; ans it also works greatly for c iciency to consume these elements of fuel combustion, the combustion thereof adding greatly to the heat of the flame and to the host clelirerable to the surrounding locality.

There are two lectures which I wish to particularly emphasize in the following specificction, both relating to my peculiar and novel construction of combustion outlet and fine. These features have as their object the handling of combustible gases and the prorision of auxiliary air so that the gases may be efiicicntly consumed..

With as heater as above outlined 1 cm on abled to flelivor a lcrge volume of heat units which spread over the surrounding locality, heating the atmosphere therein and preventing the deposit of frost by primarily preventing the lower-in of temper-store in the afiectcd zone. The eoteo gases of combustion curry very little or no solid mutter suecificoticn of Letters Patent.

Potcntecl June 29. Elm.

Ens-ls Bic, 21%,539'5 which w l dnposii; on the lruit sncl on other iar-cent ohjccts,

1 will now p 'oceecl to a detailed explanation of my improves heater, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure l is vertical section of one form of my its rovetl heater, Fig. 2 is's plan View of the upper cm! of the combustion flue thereof, showing the damper control thcrefor, Fig. 3 is a, plus 'iew taken as inclicutctl by line Z-l3 oft i, Fig. l is a detail view showing a form of controlling means for the inwardly flowing; sir, Fig. 3 is c detail section showing another form of sir controlling means, 6 is a section similar to that of Fig. 1, showing a modifiecl means of air control, Fig. 7 is a perspective of the form shown in Fig. 6.

, Referring now particularly to the ilrewings, I will soy that pay device includes essentiully a liquid fuel receptacle or reservoir 26*, s combustion outlet inclicatedi generally by the numeral 21 and} air inlet or inlets indicated generally by the numerals 22. In each of the forms shown in the drawings it will be noted that the air inlets are of such arrangement and design that the inward flow or"- uir is formed into a downwartl blast or current which (lo-livers over the surface of the liquid fuel Within the reservoir. This is in general my preferred mode of operatiop, although I may and do use means other than those specifically illustrated to acco1nplish the desired end. i may use a simple opening in the top of the reservoir through which air is delivered ownwarclly onto the surface of the liqui; or 1 may use a tube or tubes of tlifferent lengths which in efiect merely extend the opening downwardly toward the surface of the liqufi.

Referring "purticulerlyto Figs. 1 to 5, 1 Will first explain one form of my heater, whence the other forms will be readily intelli giblo with short explanations of their different variations from. the form first explained. In Fig. l l'hove designated the receptacle or reservoir by the numeral 20, the air inlet or inlets by the numeral 22 and the combustion outlet by the numeral 21. In this form the air inlet devices are formed by a, series of openings 23 in the upper portion or cover 24 of the receptacle. I have shown some of the openings 23 as extending only through the cover 2% of the receptacle;

and I have shown other of these openings as being continued downwardly into the revcptaclo by suitable tubes 25. Tubes 25 are of difl'erent lengths; and are preferably symmetrically disposed about the vertical axis of the, receptacle. I preferably show the tubes in such relative length that there will always be one or more sets of the openings admitting air to the surface of the fuel 26; as the surface falls, the lower discharge ends of the tubes 25 are uncovered and the incoming air is then fed throughthe longest uncovered tubes directly to the surface of the fuel. This provides for a downwardly direct blast of air delivered directly to the surface of the fuel. thereby promoting combustion of the highest efficiency at the surface of the fuel. The flame and gases of combustion pass upwardly and outwardly through combustion outlet 21.- In Fig. 1 I have shown this combustion outlet as being confined within a suitable flue 30. This flue 30 is itself contained within the combustion and draft stack 31. Flue 30 maybe provided with suitable perforations or apertures. 32. It suilices here to say that the burning gases pass upwardly through the opening 21 and through the flue 30, and

thence upwardly through the combustion stack 31 and out through the damper controlled top 33. This damper controlled top is comprised in a suitable apertured cap 34 surmounted'by a damper member 35 having similar corresponding apertures which may be turned to either register with the apertures in the cap 34 or to shut off those apertures partially or entirely. The stack 31 may be provided with suitable air inlet openings 36 through which air passes as indicated .by the arrows. passing upwardly around the tube 30. These openings 36 I have shown as perforations in the stack; but it will'be understood that any sort of opening will sufiice. The flame passing throughthe flue 30 derives air from this air stream through the openings 32 and above the top of the flue; and thus the gases are provided with the air necessary to their complete and efiicient combustion; The result is to greatly increase the intensity of the flame by providing air for the complete combustion of an solid particles or unconsumed gases whic may be carried upwardly from the liquid fuel below.

The relative amount of air introduced to at 41 to the top or cover 24 of the receptacle. This means provides for regulating t e inflow of air to the liquid fuel within the receptacle. In Fig. 5 I have shown another form of damper consisting of a suitable cover cap 42 mounted on supports 43 which may fit into the tube 25 and allow the cover cap 42 to be moved vertically to increase or decrease the area of the opening 44. The

cap 42 also has the advantage of covering the opening and protecting it against rain. (It will be understood that the heaters are usually left in the orchard throughout the cold season, ready for constant use as soon as a cold snap may proclaim its coming).

In this form of heater it is only necessary to ignite the fuel and then to effect suitable regulation of the air supply and combustion outlet. After these are regulated, the flame will emerge from the outlet in suitable volume, consuming all the fuel values. The size and intensity of the flame and combus tion may be regulated by suitably regulating the amount of air admitted and the amount of flame allowed to discharge. The relative dimensions of the various phrts of the heater may be greatly varied, depending upon the capacities desired and upon the quality of fuel to be consumed, and also upon the rate,

at which it is desired to consume the fuel.

By increasing the height of the combustion stack 31 it is possible to obtain a greatly increased draft which will in turn draw into the apparatus a greatly increased amount of of a certain amount of gas from the oil within the combustion tube by a certain amount of air. A given amount of air will release and expand from the heated oil and carry a larger amount of gas than the air can efiiciently consume. This air, having carried and eXpa-n'ded'a certain amount of gas, is reinforced by auxiliary air fed in throu h the auxiliary air openings hereinbefore escribed, which openings are adjustable so.

that they maybeused totally or partially, or totally dispensed with, so that the flame handles the fuel in a practical manner to consume any grade of liquid fuel satisfactorily and without producing a large amount of oily soot.

- I have shown in Figs. 6 and 7 a form in which the air inlets 36 are controlled by a damper or shutter 40 with holes 36 adapted to register with the apertures 36. The admission of auxiliary air may be thus controlled. The air inlet openings 23 may be controlled as shown in Figs. 3 or 5; or they may be controlled by a damper 4O having holes 23" to register with the openings 23.

The damper 40 may be connected to the dam or 40". In any case the flow of air to the no] through the inlet openings 23 may be regulated so that any desired amount of gas is picked up from the fuel and carried into the combustion stack; while the amount of auxiliary air may be regulated to produce eflicient and complete combustion ot the gases.

I claim- 1. In an orchard heater, a substantially closed fuel receptacle, means for controllably admitting air into said receptacle to the fuel therein, a short outlet flue extending upwardly from the receptacle, and a combustion stack surrounding the flue of greater height than the flue and of substantially greater diameter than theflue above the upper end of the flue, said combustion stack having no communication with the fuel receptacle other than through the flue, and means to admit air to the lower part of the combustion stack around the flue.

2. In an orchard heater, a substantially closed fuel receptacle, means for admitting air into said receptacle to the fuel therein, a short outlet flue extending upwardly from the receptacle, and a combustion stack surrounding the flue of greater height than the flue and of substantially greater diameter than the flue above the upper end of the flue, said combustion stack having no communication with the fuel receptacle other than through the flue, and means to controllably admit air to the lower part of the combustion stack around the flue.

3. In an orchard heater, a substantially closed fuel receptacle, means for admitting air to the fuel within the receptacle, a short outlet flue extending upwardly from the receptacle, a stack of larger diameter than the flue surrounding the same and projecting some distance-above its top, so that a considerably larger combustion space is provided in the stack above the flue rather than in the flue. means for admitting air to the lower part of the stack around the flue to effectcomplete combustion of the gases emerging from the line, means for controlling admission of air to the fuel in the receptacle, and

" a is .i

means for controlling admission of air to the stack.

ls'ln an orchard heater, a substantially closed fuel receptacle, means for controllably admitting air to the fuel Within the receptacle, a combustion stack extending upwardly from the fuel receptacle, means to direct combustible gases from the fuel in the receptacle upwardly into the central portion of said stack, and means cooperating with said first mentioned air admission means for controllably admitting air to the lower peripheral portions of the stack.

5. In an orchard heater, a substantially closed fuel receptacle, means for controllably admitting air to the fuel within the receptacle, a combustion stack extending upwardly from the fuel receptacle, a flue extending upwardly within the lower portion of the stack having its lower end open to the interior of the fuel receptacle and its upper end discharging into the stack, and means cooperating with. said first mentioned air admission means for controllably admitting air tfio the lower part of said stack around the 6. in an orchard heater, the combination of a fuel receptacle having a cover, said cover having a short stack extending upwardly therefrom and opening into the receptacle, an outside stack on the cover spaced from the inner stack and of substantially greater length and of substantially greater diameter above the inner stack than the inner stack, said outer stack having perforations circumi'erentially around the inner stack, and means for controllably admitting a down-draft of air through a conduit carried by the cover and into the receptacle and over the surface of the oil. I

in witness that l claim the foregoing l have hereunto subscribed my name this 30th day of August 1912.

EMANUEL 31V. DUNN.

Witnesses:

JAMES T, idiinnnnnw, Enwoon ll. Enamel. 

